Rotary pump, engine, or meter



Jan. 16, 1923. 1,442,198.

I W.'H. UTLEY. ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE 0R METER.

FILED JUNE 24, I I4. 3 SHEETS-SHEE\T l "Jan. 16, 1923.

liu entor Jan. 16, 1923.

w. H. UTLEY.

ROTARY PUMP; ENGINE, 0R METER.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- HLED JUNE 24,1914.

l nyezi (or TVinesses siding at London,

Patented Jan 16,192 33 UNITED Sr OF SAID ARTHUR KITSON, OF STAMFORD, LINCOLNSHIRE, ENGLAND.

' ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE, on METER.

Application filed sum-24, 1914.. Serial-No. 847,045;

(GRANTED 111mm THE rnovxsxons or rnr. ACT or MARCH a, 1921,'41 Sm. I.., 1313.

' 1 To aZlw/wmit may concern: I

Be it known that I, VILLIE HERBERT UT LEY, a subject ofthe King of England, re-.

Such rotary pumps and engines are well known and-have been made with chambers of various shapes with a view to getting the best results and keeping the ends of the,

blades so near to the inner periphery of the walls of the chamber as to prevent the passage of fiuid between such ends and the wall a of the chamber, which leakage would, of course, result in loss of efiiclency; n some cases the blade ends have been-spring-controlled so that they could follow the con-' tour of'the chamber; I a The object. of the present invention is to provide a rotary pump or engine havinga blade-chamber so shaped that not only is the use ofmeans to maintain the blade ends in continual contact... with the interior of the chamber rendered unnecessary but in addition the blade will be caused to rotate more smoothly than in such rotary. engines; at

- present known.

bladechambe'r is so shaped that within each quadrant bounded by'la diametral line assing through the centre of the rotor an the point of. contact of the rotor with the chamber, any angular displacementof the blade occasions an endwise displacement thereof through the rotor which is proportional to the square of the aforesaid angular displace ment measured from the" said diametral.

- line and expressed as a fraction of a-right angle. The curve of the bladechamber-is such that as the blade is displaced through a quarter of a revolution from the point of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n-Rocontact of g rotor andchamber, the length of toris equal to half the maximum protrusionof the blade, that is to say, the length of the blade minus the diameter of the rotor, multiplied by the square of its angular displace-' ment measured as aforesaid and expressed asa fraction of a right-angle.

of the present invention, may be advanta- I geously imposed upon the shape of the curve of the blade chamber is that the parts should be so proportioned that half the maximum protrusion of the blade shall not be greater than the radius of the rotor multiplied by the expression With a blade chamber so shaped and proportioned, the endwise accelerati on of the blade will be constant during a "uniform rotor speed and will be al ways directed towards the centre of the rotor andl iln consequence wear. between t-he'bla'dea 1,442,198 ATES PATENT owin WILLIE HERBERT UTLEY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND; EMILY UTLEY, ADMINISTRATRIX i WILLIE HERBERT UTLEY, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR, 0F ONE-HALF TO A further condition which, as a feature ends and the inner periphery of the blade-f chamber will be-re'duced to a minimum and all shocks between the blade and its chamber .such as would arise from a varyin acceleration will be eliminated".v I Other features of novelty will hereinafter appear and are pointed out in the claims,'and thenature of this invention and the manner in which itis to be performed, is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings,'in whichshape of the path of tie centre point in the centreline oi the blade and the manner in I which the said path is ascertained, Accord'ng to'the present invention, the

i'shape of the 'bladechamber and how the same is derived from the curve shown in Figure 2 is'a diagram illustrating'tlie Fi rel;

igure 3 1s a diagrammatic transverse section of a pump according to this invention; F1gure4 1S3, sectional GlEVfltIOILOf a de- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the If the required path of the centrepoint in thecentre line of the blade, as seen in end elevation, be determined, the contour of the angles to it, which represents the horizontal position of the blade, and the point of contact a between these two lines is the centre of rotation of the rotor. The right-angle a 0 b is sub-divided into any convenient number of equal parts by radii from the point a; in the case shown ten equal parts are taken and the numeral attached to each radius therefore indicates the number of tenths of the right-angle a 0 b by which it is displaced from the line a. The line a is sub-divided into one-hundred equal parts numbered from the top, and, from points on it corresponding to the squares'of the fractions one-tenth,two-tenths, three-tenths, etc., of its length, circular arcs are struck from the centre 0 and each such are is continued to meet the radius Whose angular displacement from the line a has the fractional value of the right-angle a c bwhich corresponds with the fraction whose square has been taken to determine the point on the line a. Thus the are 1 intersects the radius 1, the arc 2 the radius 2, and so on: the radius of 1 is less than the length of the line a by one-hundredth of its length, the radius of 2 less than the length of a by four-hundredths of its length, the radius 3'' less than the are a by nine-hundredths, and so on. By joining together the points 'of intersection between the arcs'l, 2 3,

etc., and their corresponding radii, a curve is obtained whichconstitutes the path required, as shownat 0c. The path is sym metrical about the line a, so that one half having been determined the other half is either similarly determined or copied from the first. In order to show the difference between this curve a: and a circle, a circle 9 has been drawn in chain line in Figure 1 upon the line a. as diameter.

To determine the shape of the blade chamber the diameter of the rotor and the length of blade to .be employed must first be assumed and, in Figure 2, a rotor is indicated by the circled and a blade by the line 0. The line a is then drawn in the rotor as a radius thereto of length equal to half the maximum protrusion of the blade and in such a position that, when produced through the centre, it cuts the circle (Z at the intended point of contact of the rotor with the blade chamber, namely the point f.

The curve a: is then drawn in the described manner withrespect to the line a and, since the blade always passes through the centre of rotation c of the rotor, lines such as e 6 will represent two positions in which the blade will lie. Since the path of the centre of the blade is determined by the curve at, one-half the length of the blade can at once be set off along such lines as e e in both directions from the points of their intersection with the curve 01:. The ends of such lines as e 6 will be found to describe the curve shown at y and this is the curve to which the inner surface of the blade chamber must conform. For the purpose of comparison a circle shown at q is drawn in chain line within the curve 1 It is to be observed that the proportions have so been chosen in Figure 2 that the length of theblade 6 is justtwice the diameter of the rotor 03.

In Figure 3 is shown in diagrammatical transverse section a pump whose blade chamber conforms to the required curve, the

rotor'being shown at D, the blade at and the blade casing at Y. The centre of rota tion of the drum is at C, and in order to facilitate movement of fluid under the rapid change of volume as the blade approaches the horizontal from the vertical. main ports are provided in the positions shown-at P, and auxiliary ports at P In order that the ends of the blade may not bind upon the chamber wall and yet fit closely thereto, the ends are bevelled in the manner indicated in Figure 4. When the blade is in the horizontal position shown in Figure 3 it is in contact with the curve 3/ at the two points of greatest curvature, and if the blade be free from binding here it will also be free at every other point. The end is bevelled away as seenin Figure 4 on both sides of the mid line 9. The under bevel is a straight face terminating on the I line it lying both on the curve y and on that face 7' of the blade which is towards the point f, that is towards the line of contact of the rotor with the chamber wall. upper bevel is identical with the under, since it is that fulfilling the same conditionsbn the opposite of the vertical when the blade has been rotated through 180. v 1

In Figure 5 are shown four contours 2 3 and y for a'blade chamber to co-operate with a drum D and with blades E E E and E respectively, whose respective lengths are one anda quarter, one and a half, one and thredquarters, and twice the diameter of the rotor D.

It has been hereinbefore stated as a requirement of the blade-chamber that it shall be of such shape that the endwise displacement of the blade shall be proportional to. the square of its angular displacement measured as a fraction of a right angle.

The

' point in the centre line of the blade; the

The above described method'for obtaining thecurve 3/ satisfies this requirement as will be understood when it is considered that the endwise displacement of the blade is equal to the difference between, or the sum of, the eccentricity of the rotor with respect to the mid-depth of the blade-chamber and the polar ordinate or radius vector of the curve w, the centre of the rotor being the origin. It may be'stated then that where zthe radius of. the path of the .centre centre of the rotor being the origin and the line of maximum protrusion of the blade being the initial line,

P=the eccentricity of the rotor with re spect to the mid -depth of the'blade-cham-,

ber, or in other words, half the maximum protrusion of the blade (rt-2r), where 2 equals the length of the. blade and 1: equals the radius of the rotor, and j 4 =the angle which the line drawn from the origin to the point in the path ofthe centre of the blade makes with the init al line, the endwise displacement of the blade:

which last expression states in a convenient form the law to which each half an conforms.

The angle q) it will be observed can never exceedthe value that is a right-angle, and when sign. Hence, in the first and third quadrants of a complete revolution of the rotor, starting from the line of maximum protrusion of the blade,.the centre of the blade moves towards the centre of the rotor, while in the second and fourth of such quadrants it moves away from the centre of the rotor.

The curve of the blade chamber itself has of the blade chamber-withorigin and initial line as be-- fore and a==half the length of the blade of the curve The object of limiting the proportions oftheparts so that half the maximum protrusion of the bladefis not greaterthan times the radius of the rotor, is to ensure that the radius of curvature of the blade chamber shall always be finite (except when a it is zero) and positive with regard to the tain, with an unvarying speed of rotation of the rotor, an endwise acceleration ofv the I blade which shall be unvarying in magniof-the rotor. I I The following schedule indicates, by way of example, theprocedure tobe followed for a drum oftwo inches diameter and a blade of 3.62 inches length.

V Step Angular Total advance of Difierence.

rotation. advance. cutten I etc. etc. etc.

. In. this schedule Angular rotation in dicates the rotation of the pump casing about the centre of rotation of the rotor; Total advance indicates the total advance of the cutter, of a milling machine in a line at right-angles to the axisgof rotation of the rotor, that is a radial line starting.

from zero, which is at thepomt-of' contact of the rotorwith the'ca'sing; Step advance of cutter is theamountby which the radial movement is advanced for the next angular rotation. It will be observed from the last column that the differences between any .two

tude and always directed towards the'centre loo successive numbers in the Step advance column is a constant, and such a manipula- 7 tion of a milling machine is not difficult:

It is a feature of my invention that I I place the rotor at the bottom of the vertical and in passing through zero changes its .with the acceleration due to the kinematics} conditions of the machine constructed in accordance with the principle of my inverF tion, but where it is desired to eliminate the action of gravity and where such a position is practicable, the machine may be soconstructed that the axis of rotation of'the rotor is in a vertical position, by whicli means the effect of gravity on the motiono the blade is rendered nil.

Furthermore, this invention may be applied either to a pump arranged to draw fluid through it and discharge it, or to force fluid forward or to an engine which is driven by fluid means, or to such a device,

for example, as a water meter which is intended to be covered by the expression engine.

What I claim as m invention and desire to secure by Letters atent is 1. In a fluid pressure machine, the combination of a casing wherein is a drum shaped chamber, a rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber in such a position as substantially to make contact with the curved wall of the chamber, and a blade slidablymounted in the rotor to move radially of the rotor and at right angles to the axis of the rotor, the curved wall of the said chamber being so shaped that within each quadrant bounded by a diametral line passing through the centre of the rotor and the point of contact of the rotor with the chamber, any angular displacement of the blade occasions an endwise displacement thereof through the rotor which is proportional to the square of the aforesaid angular displacement measured from the said diametral line and expressed as a fraction of a right angle.

2. In a fluid pressure machine the combination of, a casing wherein is a drumshaped chamber, a rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber in such a position as substantially to make contact with the curved 'wall of the chamber and a blade slidably mounted in the rotor to move radially of the rotor and at right angles to the axis of the rotor, the curved wall of the said chamber being so shaped that as the blade is displaced through a quarter of a revolution from the point of contact of rotor and chamber, the length of the blade inter:

cepted between the inner surface of the chamber and the periphery of the rotor is equal to half the maximum protrusion. of the blade multiplied by the square of its angular displacement-expressed as a 'frac-' tion of a right-angle and measured from the said point of contact.

3. In a fluid pressure machine, the combination of, a casing wherein is a drum shaped chamber, a rotor rotatably mounted I within the chamber in such a position as substantially to make contact with the curved wall of the chamber, and a blade slidably mounted in the rotor to move radially of the rotor and at right angles to the axis of the rotor, the curved wall of the said chamber being so shaped that within each quadrant bounded by a diametral line "passing through the centre of the rotor and the point of contact of the rotor with the chamber, any angular displacement of the blade occasions an endwise displacement thereof through the rotor which is proportional to the square of the aforesaid angular displacement measured from the said dia- 2 greater than times the radius of the rotor.

4. In a fluid pressuremachine, the combination of a casing wherein is a drumshaped chamber, a rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber in such a position as substantially to make contact with the curved wall of the chamber, and ablade slidably mounted in the rotor to move radially of the rotor and at right angles to the axis of the rotor, the curved wall of the said chamber being so shaped that within each quadrant bounded by a diametral line passing through the centre of the rotor and the point of contact of the rotor with the chamber, any angular displacement of the blade occasions an endwise displacement thereof through the rotor which is proportionalto the square of the aforesaid angu{ lar displacement measured from the said diametralline and expressed as a fraction of a right angle, and each blade end which sweeps the curved wall of the chamber is so beveled on both sides of its mid-line that when the blade is at right angles to the line of maximum protrusion the said end makes contact with the said chamber wall along the said mid-line and along a line in that face of the blade which is towards the line of contact of the rotor with the chamber wall and nowhere else.

5. In a fluid pressure machine, the combination of a casing wherein is a drumshaped chamber, a rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber insuch a position as substantially to make contact with the curved wall of the chamber along a line that is lower than the axis of rotation and a" I rotor with the chamber, any angular displacement of the blade occasions an endwise displacement thereof through the rotor which is proportional to the square of the aforesaid angular displacement measured from the said diametral line and expressed as a fraction of a right angle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v I WILLIE HERBERT UTLEY.

Witnesses:

HAROLD H. SIM-MoNs, A; M. HAYWARD.

W 1' i I 

